What defines the frequency of sound in terms of hertz (Hz)?

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The frequency of sound is defined as the number of cycles of vibration that occur per second and is measured in hertz (Hz). Each cycle corresponds to one complete wave of sound, and the more cycles that occur in a given time frame, the higher the frequency. This characteristic directly determines the pitch of the sound; a higher frequency results in a higher pitch, while a lower frequency corresponds to a lower pitch.

In contrast, the speed of sound in air, while related to the transmission of sound waves, does not define frequency. The volume level of audio refers to loudness and not the pitch or frequency, while the bit rate of audio files pertains to the amount of data processed per unit of time in digital audio, which is quite separate from the physical property of sound frequency. Thus, the correct understanding of frequency aligns with its definition as the number of cycles per second of vibrations.

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