What is the main purpose of authorization in computer security?

Authorization in computer security is a fundamental process aimed at controlling user permissions for specific actions within a system or application. Once a user's identity has been confirmed through authentication, authorization determines what resources or operations that user can access and execute. This means that, depending on the user's role or privileges, they may be granted or denied access to certain files, functions, or data.

The focus on controlling permissions is crucial because it helps prevent unauthorized actions, such as accessing confidential information or performing sensitive operations that could jeopardize the integrity of the system. Each user may have different levels of access based on their role, ensuring that only those with specific permissions can carry out certain tasks or access sensitive data.

While confirming user identity is part of security, it more accurately falls under the authentication umbrella. Allowing access to restricted areas is a result of the authorization process but is not the entirety of its purpose. Securing passwords is also critical in a security framework but is related to protecting user credentials rather than managing access permissions directly. Thus, the emphasis on controlling permissions for actions is what makes this answer the most fitting in the context of computer security.