What term is synonymous with the CPU?

The term "microprocessor" is synonymous with the CPU, or Central Processing Unit, as it refers to the primary component of a computer responsible for performing calculations and executing instructions that are essential for running programs. The microprocessor integrates the functions of the CPU into a single chip, streamlining the processing tasks required for the computer to operate.

In the context of computer architecture, the control unit is part of the CPU but does not represent the whole unit. The system bus refers to the communication system that transfers data between components, while ROM (Read-Only Memory) is a type of storage that retains data permanently. Thus, while those terms relate to computing, they do not serve as direct synonyms for the CPU like "microprocessor" does.